Solute: often use lithium salts, such as lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4). Solvent: because the working voltage of the battery is much higher than the decomposition voltage of water, so the lithium ion battery often uses organic solvents, such as ether, vinyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.
Organic solvents are often in charge when destroying the structure of graphite, lead to the stripped, and form a solid electrolyte membrane on the surface (solidelectrolyteinterphase, SEI) led to the electrode passivation. Organic solvents also bring flammable, explosive and other safety problems.
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